ESL Shopping Vocabulary Exercise to Fill in the Gap

ESL Shopping Vocabulary Exercise to Fill in the Gap Put each of the following words or phrases in the correct gap. tag, label, cashier, bargain, receipt, exchange, take back, try on, fit, advice, shop assistant, credit card, check, select, cash, refund, size, sale If you want to go shopping there are a number of things you have to consider. If you would like to find a _____ you should make sure to go to a _____. The only problem with a sale is that it is sometimes hard to _____ something once you buy it. Many stores also refuse to give a _____ on anything you have bought. If you are looking for clothes, make sure to _____, check the _____ to make sure that it is a good _____. Another good idea is to look at the _____ and _____ to see instructions for washing, etc. Its always a good idea to also ask the _____ for _____. Finally, when you go to the _____ you can usually pay by _____ or _____ if you dont have the _____. Never forget to get the _____! Answers tag, label, cashier, bargain, receipt, exchange, take back, try on, fit, advice,  shop assistant, credit card, check, select, cash, refund, size, sale If you want to go shopping there are a number of things you have to consider. If you would like to find a  bargain  you should make sure to go to a  sale.  The only problem with a sale is that it is sometimes hard to  exchange  something once you buy it. Many stores also refuse to give a  refund  on anything you have bought. If you are looking for clothes, make sure to  try them on,  check the  size  to make sure that it is a good  fit.  Another good idea is to look at the  tag  and  label  to see instructions for washing, etc. Its always a good idea to also ask the  shop assistant  for  advice.  Finally, when you go to the  cashier  you can usually pay by  credit card  or  check  if you dont have the  cash. Never forget to get the  receipt!

Essay on The policy game Understanding U.S. public policy making

Essay on The policy game Understanding U.S. public policy making Essay on The policy game: Understanding U.S. public policy making Essay on The policy game: Understanding U.S. public policy makingSocial Security is a program created to protect financially vulnerable social groups; this program secures a basic income level after retirement age, life insurance and disability payments for workers. The core idea of the program is that the fund invested by younger generations into Social Security can be used to secure the well-being of retired citizens, and the incomes of future generations will be financed by Social Security payments of their offspring (Theodoulou Kofinis, 2012). However, most younger Americans have a dim view on the perspectives of Social Security because its solvency is questionable now.There are several factors affecting the financial viability of Social Security. One major driver of the costs of Social Security is the retirement of baby boomers the proportion of retired people is growing, while the number of active workers is declining (Theodoulou Kofinis, 2012). Furthermore, the birthrates a re declining in the United States, so it is reasonable to expect that in the future Social Security will experience even bigger problems. In addition, the average life expectancy grows and therefore the drain of Social Security increases.An additional factor is the influence of AARP Inc. (or former American Association of Retired Persons). This organization aims to protect the rights of seniors, and currently it has over 38 million members aged 50+ (Theodoulou Kofinis, 2012). AARP strongly opposes suggested alterations of Social Security and Medicare that are aimed at improving financial balance of these programs. Such measures as changing Medicare coverage and adding more limits to optimize costs or increase of the retirement age are not implemented to a large extent due to the opposition from AARP.In the current situation, the resources of Social Security are expected to be drained in the 2030s (Theodoulou Kofinis, 2012). There might be different alternatives to Social Security such as private retirement accounts, 401k retirement planning or the alternative scheme suggested by AMAC (the Association of Mature American Citizens). This program includes lower benefits for high-earners, increasing retirement age and securing greater access to income for all retired citizens. Therefore, it is either necessary to change Social Security scheme to make it work for future generations, or to start using another approaches to securing income in the retirement age.

Theory Testing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Theory Testing - Essay Example The basic principles in comfort theory are offering a holistic approach to nursing. This is achieved through supporting clinical decision made by health officials. Secondly, the theory defines nursing care and explains why a patient requires a specific health care basing on their health condition. The theory also elaborates the importance of family members and patient when participating in the nursing process for effective recovery of the patient (Walker, 2011). Comfort Theory Kolcaba described nursing as a process of determining a patient needs, making and implementing effective nursing interventions and assessing a patient comfort after nursing interventions. Evaluating may be through objective such as observing a wound as it heals or subjective which involves asking patient questions in order to understand if they are comfortable. Kolcaba also developed a theory to be used by nurses when caring for patients (Cook, 2008). This is a nursing theory developed by Katharine Kolcaba in 1 990s. Kolcaba broke down the theory into three forms. Ease: This involves placing patients in a comfortable state for them to feel relaxed. It involves solving issues that could cause stress or anxiety to a patient. Second is relief which is achieved through alleviating any pain that a patient may be experiencing. Comforting a patient through alleviating any physical injury on them that causes pain is an example of a relief. Lastly, transcendence is a state of comfort in which clients are able to overcome their challenges and recover their original form (Cook, 2008). Theory Testing Procedure Theory Testing Procedure involves qualitative analysis of comfort theory through critical thinking and assessing available data. The procedure involves exploring the richness, the depth and complexity involved in comfort theory. It is concerned with analyzing words, concept and impacts rather than the total number of patient under the given program. The procedures entail collecting information u sing relevant structures such as charts and maps and work out the procedure used in nursing. It also entails evaluating systems to determine whether they are effective enough in relieving, easing and transcendence a patient condition (Sitzman, 2011). The first step involves identifying a patient needs and investigating whether they are addressed. The second step is investigating the nursing interventions applied in comforting process. This is followed up by analyzing any extra measure taken to ensure the well being of a patient or enhance their comfort beyond their current conditions. Theory Testing Procedure should evaluate the methods used in identifying health seeking behaviors. These behaviors could be internal. In such case a patient has a health condition that could not be observed from outside. The second behavior could be external. This condition involves observable characteristics such as bleeding wound. The last step is analyzing the policies, practices and standards set i n comfort theory. These policies and practices should match a patient’s condition (Barry, 2005). Uses of Theory-Testing Outcomes The procedure is used to establish a patient comfort needs that have not been catered for by existing interventions or support systems. Nurses then design new interventions to handle unattended needs. The new intervention procedures are then taken into account to facilitate analysis in order to come up with immediate measures to enhance a patient comfort, and

Role of Women in Vietnam War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Role of Women in Vietnam War - Essay Example Vietnam women contributed actively in different capacities during the period. According to Mobile Riverine Force Asociation [mrfa], about â€Å"7,484 women served in Vietnam, of whom 6,250 or 83.5% were nurses† and others were active combats in the war (1). Women also contributed in other areas such as supporting the agricultural sector so as to provide enough food for men who were busy fighting for independence. Despite the visible contribution of women during the War period, gender inequality was the major factor limiting their full contribution. According to De Anza College, the majority of women serving in the army as active combats were perceived as helpmates rather than counterparts (1). There were reports that even the female soldiers did not get fair treatment and some of them experienced sexual harassment. Other functions of women in the War included serving as couriers, patrol guides and activists to publicize various organizations. Women were also motivated to contr ibute to the war against foreigners in order to secure freedom and also fight for equality. Women also took advantage of gender stereotypes by foreigners to enable them to achieve their intended objectives such as maintaining the supply of food and other consumables to their male counterparts (University of Utah, 1). On the other hand, it is important to note that Vietnamese women roles in the war resembled the roles of women in other communist revolutions in the world. Comparing the revolutions in Vietnam, Cuba, Russia, and China, all women involved in the four revolutions had an aim of fighting for equality in the society. Therefore, most women from the four regions formed part of the activist groups that advocated for equality and women representation in all sectors including being part of the government.

Competitive Intelligence Essay Example for Free

Competitive Intelligence Essay Introduction Competitive intelligence (CI) refers to a tool used for marketing used by business organizations to study the competing surrounding. The process incorporates a determined information gathering based on the operations and other factors considering the competitor that enables proper decision-making of the organization management. Gower. Moloi and Iyamu, (2013) indicates that CI is significant in making marketing-related decisions and the development of market–oriented companies. Different companies use different methods to gather competitive intelligence. Companies study an array of industry specific and general publications to provide information of the current competitive intelligence. However, the most mentioned source of industry information are monographs. Monographs refer to the grey literature that may not be disseminated through conventional publishing channels. These include academic theses, business schools, technical reports, scholarly papers, case studies, and private and public sector documents. Sometimes the monographs are published that provides the most cost-effective and comprehensive source of CI information. Industry monographs are instrumental in providing information of the industry secular progress and historical background. Profits analysis can be obtained through long-term perspective that is compost of a richer experience variety as opposed to when only recent developments are considered. However, the major downfall is that the company conference proceedings and monographs date speedily. Internet searches, and the British Library form the major sources of grey literature. According to Murphy (2005,) the press reports and features provide the source of current and retrospective understanding of the competitor. The journals such as Financial Times sectoral surveys enable a company to obtain an excellent overview of the competitor of various business lines. Likewise, it outlines the individual players’ profile and the most pressing current issues affecting the competitor. Numerous trade journals provide annual surveys of the major trends and events in their specific business line. Furthermore, Murphy (2005) writes that the regulatory authorities also provide a great quality of information may be availed at a modest cost. The studies and reports provided by the Competition Commission have plenty of significant data and analysis that provides an excellent model on the procedures of undertaking the studies of the competing industry. The public watchdogs charged with the roles of overseeing the public sector forms excellent targets of CI information. Company circulars that they have to send to their shareholders under specific conditions are also significant sources of CI. For example, material acquisition and classified information on the listing rules provides information on the size of the company. Circulars contain FSA that may require the researcher to visit the company headquarters to obtain the corporate documents. Furthermore, Murphy (2005) indicates that shareholder data that has special rules that apply to the reporting of the changes within the entire PLCs. The Companies’ Act provides that PLCs are always documented in the company annual reports. This information provides the holdings of 3 percent of the total voting share capital of the firm. The information provided in such notifications that are subjected to public scrutiny provides CI information. Murphy further writes that company patents provide mechanisms of obtaining competitive advantage and the trademarks that provides the insights that describe the company enrichments. However, some companies believe that human resource intelligence. Company investigators may use direct contact with company human resource intelligence through identifying the subjects and planning of interviews. Human resource provides updated information on the company; however, it may be difficult to secure the potential individual to approach for such CI information. A typical example of CI mentions the stock traders who analyze the data based on the price movements and prices to determine the best investments. They possess similar data to other traders, yet data analysis provides their difference with others. Moreover, Japanese automobile industry that analysed the U.S automobiles of in the 1970s based on the products and the demands of the customer (Wagner Van 2011). The smaller families and high gasoline prices created a demand in the U.S for fuel efficient and smaller cars. Therefore, the Japanese automobiles applied CI methods to establish a trend and further made the decisions on manufacturing based on the results of CI information. The produced cars defeated the U.S Big Three in the market due to fuel-efficiency and high-quality cars. Despite the entire pool of information sources, the internet and human resource intelligence may be the most effective sources of information in terms of accuracy, ethics and cost-effectiveness. The company websites provide an array of information that can be easily assessed compared to published documents. The website provides comprehensive information on the new developments, business practices, and detailed information on strategies and tactics established by the company. Likewise, as Wagner and Van (2011) establishes, the internet can provide detailed information based on the vision, CEO statements, goals and objectives, and the overall management of the firm. The commitment of the firm to quality, consumer problems, investments and plants, structure are also provided in the web pages of the company. Likewise, human resource can be maintained for a long period once the first interview is secured. Although it is a subject of ethics, human resource intelligence will provide the most updated information on the company plans. References Gower. Moloi, R., Iyamu, T. (April 01, 2013). Understanding the Deployment of Competitive Intelligence Through Moments of Translation. International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering (ijitwe), 8, 2, 33-45. Murphy, C. (2005). Competitive intelligence: Gathering, analysing and putting it to work. Aldershot, England: Wagner, L., Van, B. J.-P. (January 01, 2011). Web Mining for Strategic Competitive Intelligence.

History of the United States :: Technology, Inventions

Over the year’s technology have affected America’s identity. It has been a simple life living without technology. However technology brought many positive things to America. Technology helped America to travel, trade, and gives the lasts news. Technology was good to America.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Living without technology was difficult. It was harder to get new around America because technology was so low. It was harder for the families to talk to each other or to even meet, because technology was invented yet. Not until telephones was invented that the communication in America started to increase. Also news from all over America can be reach through radios. It made people in America live an easier live with telephones and radios.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It wasn’t pleasant to live without light in the house. People in history had to light up candles to see in their houses. It was so inconvenience to lit the candles. In 1752 electricity was invented and it changed the Americans way of living. They were able to have light in the house without burning down their houses. Also it’s easier to have a light bulb then to light a candle. Electricity had a big impact on American lives.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As for traveling, it was awful because it would take them days to get to where they would need to go. However the railroad came along. It changed everything. People were able to import and export goods and travel farther put of their hometown. Railroad had really made a difference to the Americans.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As years went by technology made it ways through. It changed and made the society a better and easier way of living. History of the United States :: Technology, Inventions Over the year’s technology have affected America’s identity. It has been a simple life living without technology. However technology brought many positive things to America. Technology helped America to travel, trade, and gives the lasts news. Technology was good to America.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Living without technology was difficult. It was harder to get new around America because technology was so low. It was harder for the families to talk to each other or to even meet, because technology was invented yet. Not until telephones was invented that the communication in America started to increase. Also news from all over America can be reach through radios. It made people in America live an easier live with telephones and radios.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It wasn’t pleasant to live without light in the house. People in history had to light up candles to see in their houses. It was so inconvenience to lit the candles. In 1752 electricity was invented and it changed the Americans way of living. They were able to have light in the house without burning down their houses. Also it’s easier to have a light bulb then to light a candle. Electricity had a big impact on American lives.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As for traveling, it was awful because it would take them days to get to where they would need to go. However the railroad came along. It changed everything. People were able to import and export goods and travel farther put of their hometown. Railroad had really made a difference to the Americans.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As years went by technology made it ways through. It changed and made the society a better and easier way of living.

The dictionary definition

The dictionary definition of a linguistic communication is stated as a system of communicating consisting of sounds, words and grammar, or the system of communicating used by the people of a peculiar state or profession in Cambridge Advanced Learner ‘s Dictionary ( 2nd edition, 2005 ) . And that means, larning a linguistic communication to pass on decently in that linguistic communication requires get the hanging all parts of a linguistic communication system such the vocabulary, the grammar and the sound system. Harmonizing to Dawani ( 2006 ) in order to pass on in a linguistic communication one should analyze a balance of four basic linguistic communication accomplishments which are reading, listening, composing, and speech production. That ‘s why instruction and rating of these accomplishments have ever been peculiarly of import. In this paper, the rating of one of the four basic linguistic communication accomplishments, viz. â€Å" Reading Skill † will be discussed in item. However it is indispensable to put some basic facts about â€Å" reading † before get downing to discourse its rating. Reading in a different linguistic communication has traditionally stemmed from the demand of accessing the written literature of a higher civilization. Subsequently with the visual aspect of communicative attack, alternatively of high civilization literature, reading texts started to be chosen harmonizing to the reading purposes like utilizing mundane stuffs such as newspaper articles, coach agendas, etc. , for intents to develop communicative competency. As a consequence, instruction of reading and reading drills at any degrees became a cardinal portion of linguistic communication instruction. As a definition, reading accomplishment is called an expertness which turns composing into significance and enables the eloquence and comprehension of the proprietor. Agring that, Rasinski ( 2004 ) provinces, accurate and automatic decryption of the words by giving expressive readings of it to accomplish maximal comprehension means reading eloquence. Consequently, reading does non simply average accurate decryption of the words like instructors thought for old ages. And that ‘s why the appraisal of reading should affect the ability of eloquence and comprehension, for certain. From another point of position, harmonizing to Stages of Reading Development of Chall ‘s ( 1983 ) Reading is a accomplishment which develops through some phases and a uninterrupted procedure. Agring that, Beers ( 2006 ) adds that in instance of a skip in a reading development phase, pupils will fight in their reading ability and finally this will besides impact their authorship accomplishments. That ‘s why instructors should be entirely attentive to pupils ‘ comprehension of each phase of reading procedure before go oning with the following degree. Harmonizing to Carnine & A ; Silbert ( 2004 ) , â€Å" Appraisals supply the information that will enable pedagogues to supply kids with direction that starts where they are and so construct on that base to assist kids progress to the higher levels. † ( p. 13-15 ) As it is evident from all these research workers ‘ statements, the rating of reading is a important portion of learning a linguistic communication. Although most of the researches of that field unite in the importance of rating, they differ in the sentiments for the rating mediums. No affair how much a peculiar rating type is praised by pedagogues, in world all of them has some advantages and disadvantages and usage of these rating types is merely a affair of penchant. Hughes ( 2007 ) states that, all appraisals are fundamentally designed to develop the acquisition of pupils. As it is stated in Hughes ( 2007 ) , appraisal is the procedure of:Gathering information from a assortment of beginningsSupplying pupils with descriptive feedback for future developmentMiscue AnalysisIn this type of appraisal, the mistakes a kid makes during the reading procedure are diagnosed. Using this method, a instructor can be more easy cognizant of the pupils ‘ comprehension by looking at the errors he/she makes.The 6 Types of MiscuesCorrection: A child self-corrects his/her mistake and re-reads the section/word without motivating. Interpolation: A kid adds a few words which are non on the page. Omission: A kid omits a word while reading. Repeat: A kid repeats a word or part of the text. Reversal: A kid will change by reversal the order of the text or the word. Substitution: A kid inserts a different word, alternatively of reading a specific word. Some regulations about utilizing miscue analysis:Use unfamiliar text, non something the kid knows from memory.Do non utilize miscue analysis on novice readersGive the pupil some pick in the reading choice.You will necessitate a quiet topographic point without breaks, it can be really ready to hand to enter the kid which provides you with an chance to listen to the transition more than one time.Photocopy the choice the pupil will read, utilize this to enter the miscues.Record each miscue. ( Use hypens for skipped words, record each permutation ( Internet Explorer, went for when ) , use ^ for interpolation and record the word ( s ) , circle omitted words, underline repeated words, you may besides desire to utilize // for repeated words.What do the miscues tell you?Correction:This is good! We want readers to self-correct. However is the reader reading excessively fast? Is the reader mis-correcting accurate reading? If so, the reader frequently does n't see himself as a ‘good †˜ reader.InterpolationDoes the inserted word detract from intending? If non, it may merely intend the reader is doing sense but besides inserts. The reader may besides be reading excessively fast. If the interpolation is something like utilizing finished for coating, this should be addressed.Omission:When words are omitted, it may intend weaker ocular trailing. Determine if the significance of the transition is affected or non. If non, skips can besides be the consequence of non concentrating or reading excessively fast. It may besides intend the sight vocabulary is weaker.RepeatTonss of repeat may intend that the text degree is excessively hard. Sometimes readers repeat when they ‘re unsure and will reiterate the word ( s ) to do sense of the transition.Reversal:Watch for altered significance. Many reversals happen with immature readers with high frequence words – of for for etc.Substitutions:Sometimes a kid will utilize a permutation because they do n't understand th e word being read. Does the permutation make sense in the transition, is it a logical permutation?In SummaryUsing miscue analysis is an of import diagnostic tool that should be done every 6-8 hebdomads to see how the reader is bettering in the schemes used. Making sense of the miscues will assist you with following stairss to better the kid ‘s reading. It is worthwhile to hold a few inquiries prepared that Lashkar-e-Taiba you know about the kid ‘s comprehension of the transition read as miscue analysis tends to trust on reding you of the schemes used. Miscue analysis may look clip devouring ab initio, nevertheless, the more you do, the easier the procedure gets.

Education †Teacher Essay

The â€Å"education† has been derived from Latin words â€Å"Educare†. â€Å"Educare† means to train, to bring and lead out’, so we can say that education is to bring up, to developing and shaping up the individual talent and his inner potentialities. Definition: Education is a process in which and by which the knowledge, characters and behavior of the human being are shaped and molded. Education is lead to the enlightenment of mankind. According Imam Gzali Imam Ghazali said that education is a process which enables an individual to distinguish between the true and false, the good and bad, the right conduct and the evil doing. Educational policy: Education policy refers to the collection of laws and rules that govern the operation of education systems. Education occurs in many forms for many purposes through many institutions. For example early childhood education, two and four year colleges or universities, graduate and professional education, adult education and job training. Therefore, education policy can directly affect the education people engage in at all ages. Policy 1979 Page 1 National Education Policy 1979 By Roll No. 01,48,12,37,41 National Education Policy, 1979. On 29 March 1972 Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto announced the education policy. As a result all private education institutes were taken into national grip and brought changes in all other aspect of education. July 1977 General Zai-ul-Haq announced that new administration wanted to impose Islamic system. They considered it their aim. They believed that goals could not be achieved unless educational system based on Islamic system. For this purpose General Zia-ul-Haq conducted the conference of teachers, educationalist and of intelligent people. This conference gave recommendation for whole educational system. Muhammad Ali Khan announced this national policy. The main purpose of this policy was to impose education on Islamic system and to impose Urdu language by means of education. Main aim of the National Educational Conference 1979 was: ? Fostering loyalty to Islam. ? Creation of concept of Muslim Ummah. ? Promotion of science and technical education. Recommendation The main recommendation of the education policy of 1979 was following. 1. Elementary Education ? ? ? ? ? In coming five years 13000 schools will have opened Schools will have opened for those girls that were deprived from formal education Enable the students to stand on their courage Residential irony and training centers will have constructed for rural female teacher 5000 masjid will have constructed and books will have provided free of cost 2. Secondary Education ? 2000 new secondary institutes will have opened and converted 1000 middle schools into secondary institutes ? In the curriculum of secondary education new subject will have added ? Scope of secondary education will have intended so that students found take part in productive activities ? Secondary education will have considered from nine class to second year Policy 1979 Page 2 National Education Policy 1979 By Roll No. 01,48,12,37,41 3. Higher Education ? In selected girls colleges of all provinces post graduates classes will have started ? Valuation will have given to teachers of University to extend their education & professional training ? Scholarship will have given to intelligent students and teachers ? In coming five years no other new universities except women universities. New buildings of colleges will have constructed for girls and boys ? Provincial government will responsible to bear all expenses of universities Features: It was said in nation policy 1979 that education is a continuous process. Any educational policy cannot complete without education. Main features of recommendation are given below. 1. Masjid School It was planned in national educational policy that masjid schools masjid will have opened in these schools other subjects will have together alongside primary education. Moreover it was decided to open 5000 masjid school 2. Women Education It was recommended in policy to establish separate women university. Main point was to get attention of women towards education 3. Special Education It is also recommend in policy that central government will have prepared plans for the education of blinds, handicap able. Such person will have prepared to ea rn their livelihood 4. Establishment of private Institution In national policy establishment of private institute were allowed in this way education of inhabitants of country will have increased. Policy 1979 Page 3 National Education Policy 1979 By Roll No. 01,48,12,37,41 5. Mohallah Schools It was recommended to open Mohallah schools for those girls that could not get admissions in formal educational institutes. For this purpose 5000 school were opened 6. Religious Education Arabic will have compulsory up to 8th class. It will have taught as a compulsory subject 7. Village workshop schools It was recommended in policy to open workshops schools for those children who leave study. Main purpose was to enable them to earn their livelihood. 8. Medium of instruction It was planned in policy that all English medium school that get government aids will consider Urdu language as a medium of instruction IMPACT: 1. Clear foundation of education In national educational policy Islamic Ideology of life was considered as base of education 2. University Grants Commission It was decided in policy to give university grant commission to university to save their problems moreover it was said that government would bear expenses of university and these amount were given a grant commission 3. Urdu Language. It also decided in educational policy that all official work will have performed in Urdu language. It was compulsory for English medium schools that get government aids to adopt language selected bay provincial government Policy 1979 Page 4 National Education Policy 1979 By Roll No. 01,48,12,37,41 4. Islamic Madras’s According to the decision of national policy those people were held for public services that have certificate from Islamic Madras’s. in this way benefits of Madras increased and preached Islam 5. Teacher welfare Residential colony was constructed for rural teachers. For getting external & in internal education scholarship was given to teachers Milestones achieved by Education Policy 1979: 1. The medium of instruction was switched over to Urdu in government schools. 2. Private schools were allowed to have English as the medium of instruction. This led to the operation of two different systems of education within the country, one for those who could afford private education, and one for the rest of the nation. This two tier system contributed to a widening socio-economic inequity with the consequent feeling of injustice and resentment. 3. The policy of nationalization was reversed. 4. The private sector was encouraged to open schools. 5. The funding of universities was made through the Federal government. Suggested strategies to achieve goals of Policy: 1. Merging madras and traditional education. 2. Urdu as a medium of education. 3. Effective participation of community in literacy programs. 4. Linked scientific and technical education. 5. Separate instates for male and female. 6. Mosque schools. Implementation: This policy was not implemented properly and failed due to lack of planning and financial resources. Policy 1979.

Paris Noir Essays - Bee Train, Funimation Entertainment, Neo-noir

Paris Noir Essays - Bee Train, Funimation Entertainment, Neo-noir Paris Noir Paris Noir One of Americas great dark periods of the 20th Century was the treatment of African Americans that lasted well after they had been freed. In a country that celebrated its freedom, its government of the people and by the people, a good number of its people remained enslaved by injustice. Blacks remained poor, uneducated, and segregated because whites needed someone to blame their troubles on and they needed someone to work for less. Its sad to think how and institute of hate can be so strong and how little people could to think for themselves. The book Paris Noir is refreshing and enlightening. Theres a lot of history out there that remains unsung, the greatest tragedy of history books is the lack of a unbiased view of whats important. Luckily we live in a time where history is being examined closer and more impartially, but theres still a long way to go. I think history books continue to really overlook this prevailing issue in the American Armed Forces in World War I. Its stunning to learn how black troops were treated and how little they were rewarded. They provided a great service for America a service that has gone largely unsung. Thankfully, there are places in such a sad world where blacks are not treated so harshly. In France and more specifically Paris, blacks found a place that resembled the near equal society they had hoped America to become. The French greatly appreciated their efforts and applauded their efforts even when America would deny them any recognition.

Definition and Examples of Bad News Messages

Definition and Examples of Bad News Messages In business writing, a bad-news message is a letter, memo, or email that conveys negative or unpleasant information- information that is likely to disappoint, upset, or even anger a reader. It is also called an  indirect message or a negative message. Bad-news messages include rejections (in response to job applications, promotion requests, and the like), negative evaluations, and announcements of policy changes that dont benefit the reader. A bad-news message conventionally begins with a neutral or positive buffer statement before introducing the negative or unpleasant information. This approach is called the indirect plan. Examples and Observations It is much, much worse to receive bad news through the written word than by somebody simply telling you, and I’m sure you understand why. When somebody simply tells you bad news, you hear it once, and that’s the end of it. But when bad news is written down, whether in a letter or a newspaper or on your arm in felt tip pen, each time you read it, you feel as if you are receiving the bad news again and again. (Lemony Snicket, Horseradish: Bitter Truths You Cant Avoid. HarperCollins, 2007) Sample: Rejection of a Grant Application On behalf of the members of the Research Scholarship Committee, thank you for submitting an application for this years Research Scholarship grants competition. I’m sorry to report that your grant proposal was among those that were not approved for funding in the spring. With the reduction in grant funds caused by budget cuts and the record number of applications, I’m afraid that many worthwhile proposals could not be supported. Although you did not receive a grant this year, I trust that you will continue to pursue both internal and external funding opportunities. Introductory Paragraph The introductory paragraph in the bad-news message should accomplish the following objectives: (1) provide a buffer to cushion the bad news that will follow, (2) let the receiver know what the message is about without stating the obvious, and (3) serve as a transition into the discussion of reasons without revealing the bad news or leading the receiver to expect good news. If these objectives can be accomplished in one sentence, that sentence can be the first paragraph. (Carol M. Lehman and Debbie D Dufrene, Business Communication, 15th ed. Thomson, 2008) Body Paragraph(s) Deliver the bad news in the body of the message. State it clearly and concisely, and explain the reasons briefly and unemotionally. Avoid apologies; they weaken your explanation or position. Try to embed the bad news in a supporting, not the topical, sentence of a paragraph. Furthermore, try to embed it in a subordinate clause of a sentence. The purpose is not to conceal the bad news, but to soften its impact. (Stuart Carl Smith and Philip K. Piele, School Leadership: Handbook for Excellence in Student Learning. Corwin Press, 2006) Closing The closing of a message containing negative news should be courteous and helpful. The purpose of the closing is to maintain or rebuild goodwill. ... The closing should have a sincere tone. Avoid overused closings such as If you have any questions, please dont hesitate to call. ... Offer the receiver another option. ... Presenting another option shifts the emphasis from the negative news to a positive solution. (Thomas L. Means, Business Communications, 2nd ed. South-Western Educational, 2009)

Answer questions (TF) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Answer questions (TF) - Essay Example S. Constitution which abolished slavery, and the Fourteenth Amendment which prohibits certain restrictive legislation on the part of the states. 4. Justice Harlan dissented with the majority in Plessy and declared the U. S. Constitution as color-blind, in that in view of the U. S. Constitution, in the eye of the law, there is in this country no superior, dominant, ruling class of citizens. 5. In his dissent in Plessy, Justice Harlan pointed out that notwithstanding recent Amendments to the U. S. Constitution which supposedly eradicated the principle of Black Inferiority, in some states, whites asserted themselves as a dominant race, a superior class of citizens, who assumed to regulate the enjoyment of civil rights upon the basis of race. 6. Further in his dissent, Justice Harlan said that the judgment rendered in Plessy will in time, fade away and prove not to be as pernicious as the decision made by the same tribunal in the Dred Scott Case. 7. In the Court's holding in Brown v. Board of Education, the Court specifically concluded that in the field of public education the doctrine of "separate but equal" has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. 8. TRUE 8. According to the decision in Brown, by reason of the segregation, the plaintiffs and others similarly situated were deprived of the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment. TRUE 9. Mr. Thurgood Marshall, one of the individuals and lead counsel who argued Brown before the U. S. Supreme Court, based much of the argument on Mr. Justice Harlan's dissent in Plessy, which persuaded the United States Supreme Court, primarily Chief Justice Earl Warren FALSE 10. Opposition to the nomination of Justice Clarence Thomas centered around his conservative political and social philosophy and his alleged sexual harassment of Anita Hill. TRUE 11. As Supreme Court Justice, Clarence Thomas tends to oppose affirmative action and race-based programs. TRUE 12. The U.S. Constitution directly created the three-tiered federal court system. FALSE 13. In Marbury v. Madison, the Supreme Court ruled that the Court had the power to order the president to perform an act required by congressionally passed statute. TRUE 14. Amending the U.S. Constitution can be used to overturn a Supreme Court decision that declares a federal law unconstitutional.

Sarahs Life Choices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Sarahs Life Choices - Essay Example She tried three times and got the voicemail each time. Sarah left a message, waited five minutes and called again. He would know now that the incessant calls were not the kind that came from a secret admirer, but more from a stalker. It seemed like only yesterday that Sarah was bustling down the hall to her next class. Her head hung low, eyes on the floor until she glanced up. And, there he was before she could disappear in another direction. With no other options, she hesitantly walked up to him, shrugged and tried to coyly smirk, punching him playfully in the arm and muttering a â€Å"hey†. Her eyes never met him, but instead passed back and forth between the floor and the zipper on her jacket. That zipper seemed to be getting more attention than an inanimate object deserved as her hands unconsciously gripped it to a white-knuckle degree, quickly and erratically fidgeting with it as it was pulled back and forth, up and down, the same five centimeters repeatedly. Sarah surveyed the bustling hallway, left to right and then left again to see who was witnessing her embarrassing moment. Then she just as quickly looked up at Eric with big eyes that began to fill up. She whispered, â€Å"You know how it’s going, Eric. We gotta talk. Can we meet up after school?† Eric was fumbling in his book bag, repeatedly rearranging his books as if he were looking for something and then grabbed a pencil and threw it at the back of his friend’s head. His friend turned around, flashed him a finger and went back to leaning over the girl whose ear he was whispering in next to the row of lockers. Sarah saw him surveying an escape and grabbed his arm, now staring intensely into his eyes, waiting for his next words. â€Å"Whatever. I made a mistake. But, I’m moving on and we’re done.